Parliament on Jobs · 18th Lok Sabha · Session 4
Parliamentary questions on jobs and employment: Budget Session 2025
In the Budget Session 2025 of the 18th Lok Sabha (February to April 2025), MPs asked 1,081 questions on jobs and employment, 17.6% of the 6,156 questions asked in the session. That is up from 16.1% in the Winter Session 2024. 377 MPs asked at least one.
01 · What MPs asked about
Themes
| Theme | Questions | Share |
|---|---|---|
| MSMEs, startups and self-employment | 334 | 30.9% |
| Jobs, recruitment and vacancies | 332 | 30.7% |
| Skills, training and apprenticeships | 240 | 22.2% |
| Rural and farm livelihoods | 140 | 13.0% |
| Labour rights, wages and conditions | 115 | 10.6% |
| Social security and worker welfare | 79 | 7.3% |
| AI, digital economy and automation | 40 | 3.7% |
| Education-employment linkage | 30 | 2.8% |
| Migrant workers | 18 | 1.7% |
| Gig and platform work | 9 | 0.8% |
Shares are of the session's questions on jobs and employment. A question can touch more than one theme, so shares add up to more than 100%.
02 · Who asked
Most engaged MPs
| MP | Party | Constituency | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shri C N Annadurai | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu | 16 |
| Shri P P Chaudhary | Bharatiya Janata Party | Pali, Rajasthan | 15 |
| Shri Selvam G | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu | 15 |
| Smt. Supriya Sule | Nationalist Congress Party Sharadchandra Pawar | Baramati, Maharashtra | 15 |
| Dr. Amol Ramsing Kolhe | Nationalist Congress Party Sharadchandra Pawar | Shirur, Maharashtra | 14 |
| Prof. Varsha Eknath Gaikwad | Indian National Congress | Mumbai North Central, Maharashtra | 14 |
| Shri Bhaskar Murlidhar Bhagare | Nationalist Congress Party Sharadchandra Pawar | Dindori, Maharashtra | 14 |
| Shri Dharambir Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party | Bhiwani-Mahendragarh, Haryana | 14 |
| Shri Mohite Patil Dhairyasheel Rajsinh | Nationalist Congress Party Sharadchandra Pawar | Madha, Maharashtra | 14 |
| Shri Naba Charan Majhi | Bharatiya Janata Party | Mayurbhanj, Odisha | 14 |
By party
| Party | MPs asking | Questions | Per MP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Janata Party | 150 | 778 | 3.2 |
| Indian National Congress | 80 | 318 | 3.2 |
| Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 21 | 106 | 4.8 |
| Nationalist Congress Party Sharadchandra Pawar | 8 | 93 | 11.6 |
| Telugu Desam Party | 14 | 87 | 5.4 |
| Samajwadi Party | 20 | 70 | 1.9 |
| Shiv Sena | 6 | 57 | 8.1 |
| All India Trinamool Congress | 14 | 45 | 1.6 |
| Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray) | 7 | 44 | 4.9 |
| Janata Dal (United) | 9 | 26 | 2.2 |
By state
| State | MPs asking | Questions | Per MP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maharashtra | 39 | 290 | 6.0 |
| Tamil Nadu | 36 | 182 | 4.7 |
| Uttar Pradesh | 46 | 181 | 2.3 |
| Andhra Pradesh | 22 | 123 | 4.9 |
| Bihar | 24 | 100 | 2.5 |
| Odisha | 17 | 96 | 4.6 |
| Rajasthan | 20 | 85 | 3.4 |
| Karnataka | 13 | 82 | 2.9 |
| Gujarat | 17 | 75 | 2.9 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 18 | 73 | 2.5 |
Counts for MPs, parties and states count a question tabled jointly by several MPs once for each MP. Parties and states show the ten with the most questions.
03 · Shared concerns
Questions raised by many MPs
When many MPs table the same question, it signals a concern that cuts across constituencies and parties.
| Question | Ministry | MPs | Parties | States |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit Support to MSMEs | Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises | 16 | 2 | 10 |
| Objective of Entrepreneurship Development Conference | Panchayati Raj | 15 | 1 | 12 |
| Yuva Sahakar Yojana | Cooperation | 15 | 1 | 9 |
| Skill Development and Workforce Training in Aerospace Manufacturing | Civil Aviation | 14 | 1 | 10 |
| Subsidies under PMEGP | Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises | 14 | 1 | 10 |
| PM-Vishwakarma Scheme | Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises | 13 | 5 | 3 |
| 19th Instalments of PM-KISAN | Agriculture and Farmers Welfare | 12 | 1 | 8 |
| India's Green Martime Transition | Ports, Shipping and Waterways | 12 | 1 | 7 |
| Training under PM Vishwakarma Yojana | Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises | 12 | 2 | 8 |
| Assessment of Skill Needs and Focused Training Initiatives | Skill Development and Entrepreneurship | 12 | 1 | 9 |
04 · Future of work
AI, gig work and the digital economy
49 questions (4.5% of questions on jobs and employment) touched on the future of work.
| Topic | Questions | Share |
|---|---|---|
| AI and skilling | 18 | 1.7% |
| Gig and platform work | 9 | 0.8% |
| Digital economy | 14 | 1.3% |
| Automation and job displacement | 3 | 0.3% |
| Green jobs and energy transition | 5 | 0.5% |
Schemes most referenced
| Scheme | Questions |
|---|---|
| MGNREGS | 47 |
| PMKVY | 18 |
| PM Vishwakarma | 13 |
| Skill India Mission | 13 |
| PMEGP | 12 |
| PMMSY | 12 |
| ODOP | 10 |
| DAY-NRLM | 9 |
| e-Shram | 9 |
| ESIC | 9 |
05 · Every session